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    Home » Cooking Charts

    Recipe Abbreviations

    Updated: Dec 21, 2024 · Published: Feb 15, 2023 · by Jan Nunes

    A graphic showing the most common recipe abbreviations on the left and the meaning on the right.

    These recipe abbreviations are the most common ones used in cooking and baking. From teaspoons to tablespoons, cups to quarts, and more!

    There is nothing worse than ruining a dish by using too much or too little of an ingredient, which can happen when trying to read an abbreviation and mistaking tablespoon for teaspoon.

    All of these recipe abbreviations begin with the first letter of the abbreviated term and are generally followed by letters that quickly convey the term. The exception is the cup, which is simply denoted by "C".

    Rolling pin, whisk, and eggs surrounding a notebook with text reading "recipe abbreviations".

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    Many of these recipe abbreviations date back centuries, and some even come from speed writing by home cooks sharing recipes.

    Jump to:
    • Understanding a Recipe
    • Table of Common Recipe Abbreviations
    • Teaspoon Abbreviations
    • Tablespoon Abbreviations
    • Cup Abbreviations
    • Ounce Abbreviations
    • Pint Abbreviations
    • Quart Abbreviations
    • Pound Abbreviations
    • Minute(s) Abbreviations
    • Hour Abbreviations
    • Dozen Abbreviations
    • Square Abbreviation
    • Moderate Abbreviation
    • Teaspoon to Tablespoon Conversions
    • Get My Recipe Abbreviations Cheat Sheet!
    • More Cooking and Baking Tips & Helps
    • 💬 Comments

    Understanding a Recipe

    All recipes are written to inform the reader of the proportions of ingredients in relation to each other.

    Everyone had a cup, a teaspoon, and a tablespoon (a serving spoon) in their kitchen and over centuries, in American cooking, these proportions have become standardized in relation to a one-cup measurement. In modern recipes, there are 3 teaspoons in a tablespoon, four tablespoons in a ¼ cup, and so on.

    In reading all recipes, it is often helpful to understand the intent of the ingredient in a recipe.

    If it is a leavening agent, it most likely will follow a standard that is common in cooking like one teaspoon of baking powder for every cup of flour.

    Flavorings will generally be more subtle in a recipe, so a reader can assume these will be fractional to other ingredients.

    Table of Common Recipe Abbreviations

    AbbreviationMeaning
    t or tspTeaspoon
    T or TB or Tbsp or tbl or tbsTablespoon
    CCup
    ozOunce
    ptPint
    qtQuart
    lbPound
    sqSquare
    minMinute
    hrHour
    dozdozen
    sqsquare
    modmoderate
    A text table showing common recipe abbreviations and their meaning.

    Teaspoon Abbreviations

    • t
    • tsp

    Look for the Lowercase "t". The abbreviations for teaspoon and tablespoon are often confusing. Essentially, a lowercase "t" and any abbreviation starting with a lowercase "t" mean teaspoon.

    Tablespoon Abbreviations

    • T
    • TB
    • tbsp
    • tbl
    • tbs

    Look for the "b". There are numerous abbreviations for tablespoon. The most common is an uppercase "T" and the lowercase tbsp, with the "b" being the signal that the measurement is a tablespoon.

    Cup Abbreviations

    • C
    • c

    Look for a "c". Cup is already very short however many recipes written in speed writing use a "c" to designate cup. The "c" can be uppercase or lowercase.

    Ounce Abbreviations

    • oz - for weight
    • fl oz - for liquids (fluid)

    Look for the "z". The abbreviation "oz" for ounce dates back to the 1500s. It comes from the Italian word "onza", which translates to “ounce.”

    Ounce can mean both by weight or by volume and recipe writers that are meticulous will specify which is meant by denoting "fl oz" for liquids. Weights are always simply "oz".

    Modern recipes, especially for cocktails and mixtures that include only liquids, often will not state "fl oz" as it is implied by the fact that everything in the recipe is a liquid.

    Pint Abbreviations

    • pt
    • p

    Look for a "p". Pint in recipes generally means liquid pint, except in canning where it could mean either a liquid or dry abbreviation. Understanding the intent of the recipe writer can help in determining which measure it is.

    In the US, 2 cups equal a pint.

    Quart Abbreviations

    • qt
    • q

    Look for a "q". Quart is another term, like pint, that generally means a liquid quart. A quart contains 2 pints, which is 4 cups.

    A graphic showing the most common recipe abbreviations on the left and the meaning on the right.
    A pictorial chart showing common recipe abbreviations and their meaning.

    Pound Abbreviations

    • lb
    • #

    The pound is a measurement of weight. There are 16 ounces in a pound.

    Minute(s) Abbreviations

    • min
    • m

    Minute in recipes is a standard measurement of time.

    Hour Abbreviations

    • hr
    • h

    Hour is also a measurement of time and there are 60 minutes in an hour.

    Recipes written prior to the 20th century might state "quarter hour" (¼ hr) for 15 minutes, "half hour" (½ hr) for 30 minutes, and "three quarters hour" (¾ hr) for 45 minutes.

    Dozen Abbreviations

    • doz
    • dz

    Dozen can be 12 of anything, although it generally refers to eggs.

    Square Abbreviation

    • sq

    Cooking and baking chocolate is frequently sold in bars that are divided into squares that are 1 ounce each (weight measurement).

    Moderate Abbreviation

    • mod

    Moderate refers to the temperature of an oven and is generally between 350°F and 375°F.

    Teaspoon to Tablespoon Conversions

    Teaspoons (tsp)Tablespoons (Tbsp)CupsFluid Ounces (OZ)
    3 tsp1 Tbsp1/16 C½ oz
    6 tsp2 Tbsp⅛ C1 oz
    8 tsp2 Tbsp + 2 tsp⅙ C1 ⅓ oz
    12 tsp4 Tbsp¼ C2 oz
    16 tsp5 Tbsp + 1 tsp⅓ C2 ⅔ oz
    24 tsp8 Tbsp½ C4 oz
    32 tsp10 Tbsp + 2 tsp⅔ C5 ⅓ oz
    36 tsp12 Tbsp¾ C6 oz
    48 tsp16 Tbsp1 C8 oz

    Get My Recipe Abbreviations Cheat Sheet!

    Get my free cheat sheet of these everyday recipe abbreviations plus a handy chart that converts teaspoons to tablespoons, plus cups to ounces.

    This handy two-page pdf document has been formatted so it can be printed duplex on a single sheet of standard 8 ½ x 11" paper.


    Recipe abbreviations in an infographic and a teaspoon to ounce conversion chart.

    Need a quick reference you can keep?

    Download my Free Cheat Sheet of Abbreviations!

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    Jan Nunes

    Hey There!

    Welcome to Encharted Cook! I'm Jan, a seasoned cook with recipe charts, pro tips, and ideas to help you make delicious dinners. Over the years I've learned that many recipes are related... and if you learn to make one delicious dish, you can make many more!

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